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Andante for Flute and Orchestra C major K. 315
3 初級

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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Mozart is one of the few composers to have produced masterpieces in all genres. On the concert tours he undertook in his early years (London, Mannheim, Italy, Paris) he gained many varied musical impressions that he assimilated in his youth and which formed the prerequisite for his later consummate musical language.

1756Born in Salzburg on January 27, the son of musician and later court composer Leopold Mozart. His early regimented musical education from his father began in 1761, first compositions at age five.
1763–66Extended concert tours through various German cities and to Paris, London, Amsterdam, Switzerland. He composes his first sonatas for violin and piano, K. 10–15, dedicated to Queen Charlotte, as well as the first symphonies from London, K. 16 and 19, which show the influence of the works of Johann Christian Bach and Karl Friedrich Abel (the three-movement Italian sinfonia form).
1767Premiere in Salzburg of the sacred light opera “Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebotes,” K. 35 (written with Michael Haydn and Anton C. Adlgasser), and the intermezzo “Apollo et Hyacinthus,” K. 38. Journeys with his father and sister to Vienna.
1768Probably the premiere in Vienna of his Singspiel “Bastien and Bastienne,” K. 50. Composition of his first masses.
1769Performance in Salzburg of the dramma giocoso “La finta semplice,” K. 51.
1769–71Two tours to Italy; he meets Farinelli, P. Nardini, and Padre Martini, among others, and, on the second trip, Hasse. Premieres in Milan of his opera seria “Mitridate, Re di Ponto” in 1770 and of the festa teatrale “Ascanio in Alba” in 1771. Composition of symphonies and his first string quartet (1770, K. 80).
1771Composition of the oratorio “La Betulia liberate,” K. 118, in Salzburg/Italy.
1772Premiere of the serenata drammatica “Il sogno di Scipione,” K. 126, for the accession of Salzburg Archbishop Hieronymus Count Colloredo. He receives an appointment as salaried concertmaster of the Salzburg Court Chapel (of which he had been an unpaid member since 1769). Third journey to Italy with his father, premiere in Milan of the dramma per musica “Lucio Silla,” with general success. The final trip to Italy spells the ends of his youthful phase of appropriation; he has tested out all important instrumental genres (symphony, sonata, string quartet) and all the main genres of opera (Singspiel, opera buffa, opera seria, festa teatrale).
from 1773Composition of string quartets (K. 168–173) under the influence of Haydn, and of symphonies, divertimenti, serenades. He increasingly devotes himself, contingent upon the duties of his post, to liturgical music; several masses are written. Begins to compose violin and piano concerti.
1775Premiere in Munich of the dramma giocoso “La finta giardiniera” and the serenata “Il Rè pastore.” Piano sonatas, K. 279–284.
1777He vacates his post temporarily to undertaken a promotional tour with his mother to Munich, Mannheim, and Paris.
1778Composition of the “Paris” Symphony in D major (K. 297). In Paris he experiences the quarrel between the proponents of Gluck and those of Piccinni. Publication of violin sonatas.
1779Resumes his duties in Salzburg, as court organist. Coronation Mass in C major.
1781Premiere in Munich of his tragédie lyrique “Idomeneo,” in which French and Italian elements are synthesized. Journey to Vienna. After his falling out with the Archbishop of Salzburg, he gives up his post, moves to Vienna, and earns his living as a free composer through concertizing and giving music lessons. His last great period of creativity begins.
1782He becomes acquainted with the works of Bach and Handel through Baron van Swieten; after this he arranges Bachian fugues and incorporates the “learned style” (fugues and counterpoint) into his works beside the “galant style” (e.g. in the String Quartet in G major, K. 387, in 1782; Piano Sonata in F major, K. 533, in 1786; the Jupiter Symphony, K. 551, in 1788; “Die Zauberflöte” (“The Magic Flute”), and the Requiem in D minor, K. 626, both in 1791). Premiere in Vienna of his Singspiel “Die Entführung aus dem Serail” (“The Abduction from the Seraglio”). Composition of the Haffner Symphony in D major, K. 385.
1783Mass in C minor, K. 427; Linz Symphony in C major, K. 425.
1784Hunt Quartet in B-flat major, K. 458.
1785Premiere in Vienna of the oratorio “Davide penitente,” K. 469. “Dissonance” Quartet in C major, K. 465.
1786Premiere of the comedy with music “Der Schauspieldirektor” (“The Impresario”), K. 486, which Salieri’s competing work “Prima la musica e poi le parole” (“First the Music and Then the Words”) bests. Premiere in Vienna of the opera buffa “Le nozze di Figaro” (“The Marriage of Figaro”), whose extended action-packed finales form a highpoint of opera buffa. Prague Symphony in D major, K. 504.
1787Serenade in G major (“Eine kleine Nachtmusik”), K. 525. He is named imperial and royal chamber composer. Premiere in Prague of the dramma giocoso “Il dissoluto punito ossia Il Don Giovanni,” a synthesis of serious and comic opera.
1788Composition of the large Symphonies in E-flat major, K. 543; G minor, K. 550; and C major (Jupiter Symphony), K. 551. Clarinet Quintet in A major, K. 581.
1790Premiere in Vienna of the dramma giocoso “Così fan tutte ossia La scuola degli amanti.”
1791Premiere in Prague of the opera seria “La clemenza di Tito” and in Vienna of the Singspiel “Die Zauberflöte.” Clarinet Concerto in A major, K. 622. The Requiem remains unfinished. Dies in Vienna on December 5.

© 2003, 2010 Philipp Reclam jun. GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart

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Henrik Wiese (校訂)

Henrik Wiese was born in 1971 in Vienna. He first studied the flute with Paul Meisen (Munich). He later took a degree in Indo-European studies, general linguistics and musicology. From 1995 to 2006 he was solo flautist at the Bavarian State Opera (Munich), since 2006 he has held the same position with the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra. Wiese was a prize-winner at the German Music Competition (1995) and at several international flute competitions (including the ARD Music Competition in 2000).

As part of his editorial work for G. Henle Publishers, studying sources led him to historical performance practice and the transverse flute. He plays this instrument with the Accademia giocosa. Wiese gives master-classes around the world and tries to impart an understanding of how to deal with editions and sources to his pupils, to show them how to write cadenzas and to hone their awareness of intonation. His artistic work as a soloist, chamber musician and orchestral musician has been documented on numerous CDs.

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Jan Philip Schulze (ピアノ・スコア)

Prof. Jan Philip Schulze received his piano education at the Musikhochschule in Munich and at the Tschaikovsky Conservatory in Moscow. He began his varied international career by winning awards at competitions in Italy, Spain and South Africa.

As a lied accompanist he has regularly given concerts with Juliane Banse, Annette Dasch, Rachel Harnisch, Dietrich Henschel, Jonas Kaufmann and Violeta Urmana; performing in the Berlin Philharmonic Hall, the London Wigmore Hall, the Salle Pleyel in Paris, the Auditorio Nacional in Madrid, in Tokyo, at La Scala in Milan, as well as at the festivals in Lucerne, Salzburg, Edinburgh, Munich and Schwarzenberg. Schulze is also interested in contemporary music, and has, for example recorded all of Hans Werner Henze’s Works for Piano, as well as given premières of concertos by Christoph Staude (with the Munich Philharmonic), Dror Feiler (with the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra) and Johannes Schöllhorn (with the WDR Symphony Orchestra). Since 2004, Jan Philip Schulze has been Professor for “Liedgestaltung” at the Music Conservatory in Hannover.

Robert D. Levin (カデンツ)

Les éditions Henle sortent une nouvelle collection comprenant les grandes pages de la musique concertante du répertoire avec la partie orchestrale réduite à un piano. ... Cette collection comporte les doigtés pour la partie soliste, une présentation claire (avec un effort particulier concernant les tournes) ainsi qu'une introduction trilingue.

Ecouter voir

Finalemente anche la grandi case dell'editoria musicale si stanno accorgendo dell'importanza del repertorio Flautistico, così anche la Henle Verlag, la grande casa editrice di Monaco, un punto di riferimento tra le edizioni cosí dette "Urtext", si è lanciata nel mondo del flauto. ... Poco c'è da dire sulla qualità dell'edizione che, come è abituale per la Verlag, è di altissima qualitsà, sia per la leggibilità della parte, la qual cosa non è assolutamente di secondaria importanza, sia per la cura dell'edizione critica che segue i più severi dettami di un'edizione critica: estrema attendibilità verso l'autografo e la prima edizione, ...

FaLaUt

Die Kadenz wurde von Robert D. Levin im Mozartstil verfasst. Auch hier ist das Notenbild sehr klar und übersichtlich.

Flöte aktuell

L'édition, comme toujours chez la firme Henle, est extrêmement soignée et d'une clarté exemplaire. ... Enfin, les cadences sont proposées par Robert Levin dans une conception didactique intéressante. Elles sont de dimensions un peu plus restreintes que les grandes cadences (Rampal, Marion, Taffanel ...) auxquelles nombre d'entre nous sont habitués, mais elles s'attachent surtout à mettre en valeur des sections typiques d'improvisation, instruisant ainsi l'interprète sur les cellules mélodiques et rythmiques à choisir et le traitement à leur apporter. Ces cadences – ou plutôt ces exemples de cadences – sont donc en quelque sorte "à géométrie variable". Il est possible de les construire ou simplement de s'en inspirer à sa guise. La démarche vaut la peine d'être soulignée et contribue à faire de ces éditions un matériel didactique de premier ordre.

La Traversière

Die Ausarbeitung der Klavierpartie durch Jan Philip Schulze (KV 315, 447) und Siegfried Petrenz (KV 219, 313, 314) geben die musikalische Substanz in wünschenswertem Maße wieder, ohne je überfüllt zu wirken oder gar pianistischer Selbstdarstellung zu frönen. ... Robert D. Levin gestaltet technisch anspruchsvolle und stilistisch einfühlsame Soloauftritte. Wer sich als Spieler nicht auf die eigene Improvisationsgabe verlassen will oder kann, der sollte sich getrost dieses Materials bedienen. ... Fazit: Diese "taubenblauen Urtexte" sollten den Weg auf viele Notenpulte finden!

Acta Mozartiana

I like this Urtext edition of Mozart very much, and the main reason is that the piano reductions are playable and pianistic, unlike some other editions I have in my cupboard! But also the flute parts are cleanly and pleasingly presented. At the back there are some imaginative suggestions for cadenzas by Robert Levin, full of choices and possible cuts and combinations and "lead-ins" ... I would definitely recommend this edition for both teaching and performing - it is unfussy and refreshing.

PAN Magazine

Bewertung: Empfehlenswert; Die beiden Kadenzvorschläge hat der bekannte Mozart-Rekonstrukteur Robert D. Levin beigesteuert: Durch raffinierte Markierungen entsteht ein Baukastensystem, mit dem sich der Interpret aus den Vorschlägen zahlreiche eigene Versionen der Kadenz zusammenstellen kann - eine ausgezeichnete Idee.

Flöte aktuell, 2009

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